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“Cultivation” denotes the intentional and managed production of plants for purposes of human or animal consumption, trade or exchange, or planned use in other social or economic activities. Cultivation usually implies the investment of resources. Cultivation practice responds to a reflects social, economic and environmental factors. Key sources of evidence for cultivation activities include pollen, macro-botanical remains, entomological remains, and documentary descriptions.
The communal management of hay crops through the construction of walls enclosing the areas dedicated to hay production.
The planting of alliums (onion and garlic) in monastic gardens at Skriðuklaustur.
The enrichment of homefield areas with fertilizer.
Riddell, S., Erlendsson, E., Gísladóttir, G., Edwards, K. J., Byock, J., & Zori, D. (2018). Cereal cultivation as a correlate of high social status in medieval Iceland. Vegetation history and archaeobotany, 27(5), 679-696.
Ritchey, M. M. (2019). Regional Variation in Grass, Sedge, and Cereal Cultivation During the Viking Age in Skagafjörður, North Iceland (Doctoral dissertation, University of Massachusetts Boston).